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Question 1: Diurnal variation of temperature is greatest when wind is?
A) Calm
B) Light
C) Strong
Explanation: Wind and cloud cover will cause Tmax to be reduced and Tmin to be increased. Strong wind reduces diurnal variation.
Question 2: Diurnal variation of temperature is maximum over?
A) Forest
B) Ocean
C) Land
Explanation: The diurnal temperature changes are much smaller over the sea than over the land. The sea temperature shows a variation from day to night of less than 1°C, whereas over land, the diurnal variation may average as much as 20°C.
Question 3: On a clear day, the amount of solar radiation received by earth's surface is?
A) 3/4
B) 30%
C) 5/6
Explanation: In clear weather, about 5/6 of the solar radiation reaches Earth's surface, of which about 10% reflects off the surface.
Question 4: ALBEDO is?
A) Radiation received by earth
B) Amount of heat
C) Reflecting power of earth
Explanation: Albedo refers to the reflecting power of Earth's surface, indicating how much solar radiation is reflected back by Earth's surface.
Question 5: The thickness of the atmosphere is greatest at the?
A) Poles
B) Equator
C) Mid-latitudes
Explanation: The thickness of the atmosphere is greatest at the equator due to the higher temperatures causing expansion.
Question 6: Temperature inversion is defined as?
A) An increase in temperature with height
B) A decrease in temperature with height
C) A constant temperature with height
Explanation: A temperature inversion occurs when the temperature increases with height, contrary to the normal decrease with altitude.
Question 7: The layer of the atmosphere where most weather occurs is?
A) Troposphere
B) Stratosphere
C) Mesosphere
Explanation: The Troposphere is where most weather occurs because it contains most of the atmosphere's water vapor.
Question 8: The primary source of energy for Earth's atmosphere is?
A) The Sun
B) The Earth's core
C) Radioactive decay
Explanation: The Sun is the primary source of energy for Earth's atmosphere, driving weather patterns and climate.
Question 9: The greenhouse effect is caused by?
A) Trapping of heat by the atmosphere
B) Reflection of sunlight by the atmosphere
C) Absorption of UV rays by the ozone layer
Explanation: The greenhouse effect is caused by the trapping of heat by greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, which prevents it from escaping into space.
Question 10: The wind speed and direction are measured using?
A) Thermometer
B) Anemometer and Wind Vane
C) Barometer
Explanation: Wind speed is measured with an anemometer, and wind direction is measured with a wind vane.
Question 11: During Day the ambient temperature is ... than ground
A) Lower
B) Higher
C) Same
Explanation: During the day, the ambient air temperature is usually higher than the ground temperature due to the sun heating the air faster than the ground.
Question 12: Diurnal variation of temperature over ocean is ...
A) More than land
B) Above 3°C
C) Less than 1°C
Explanation: The diurnal variation of temperature over oceans is typically less than 1°C because water has a higher heat capacity, moderating temperature changes.
Question 13: At a coast station the diurnal variation of temperature depends on ...
A) Wind direction
B) Wind speed
C) Radiation
Explanation: The diurnal variation at coastal stations is largely influenced by the wind direction, especially when winds come from the sea or land, affecting the temperature range.
Question 14: Snow surface reflects about……… % of solar radiation.
A) 75%
B) 80%
C) 90%
Explanation: Snow surface reflects about 80% of solar radiation due to its high albedo.
Question 15: Amount of Solar radiation received per unit area is .....
A) Insolation
B) Convection
C) Radiation
Explanation: Insolation is the amount of solar radiation received per unit area on Earth.
Question 16: Solar radiation received by the earth is .....
A) Long Wave
B) Albedo
C) Shortwave
Explanation: The solar radiation received by the Earth is shortwave radiation.
Question 17: Rise in temperature of a surface is proportional to its specific heat
A) Directly
B) Indirectly
Explanation: The rise in temperature is directly proportional to the specific heat of the surface.
Question 18: Specific heat of land is…… than that of water
A) Lower
B) Same
C) Higher
Explanation: The specific heat of land is lower than that of water, meaning land heats and cools faster than water.
Question 19: Minimum temperature is reached at ...
A) Sunrise
B) Midnight
C) 1/2 - 1 hour after dawn
Explanation: Minimum temperature is typically reached at sunrise due to radiational cooling overnight.
Question 20: An air parcel is lifted till it gets saturated. The temperature attained by it is called
A) Potential temperature
B) Dew Point
C) Wet bulb
Explanation: The temperature attained by a saturated air parcel is called the Dew Point.
Question 21: Cloudy nights are……...
A) Cold
B) Normal
C) Warm
Explanation: Cloudy nights are warm because clouds trap heat close to the Earth's surface.
Question 22: Water vapour is transparent to terrestrial radiation
A) Completely
B) Partially
C) Indifferent
Explanation: Water vapor is partially transparent to terrestrial radiation, allowing some radiation to escape while absorbing others.
Question 23: Higher the temperature ……. would be the wavelength of emitted radiation
A) Longer
B) Shorter
Explanation: Higher temperatures result in shorter wavelengths of emitted radiation, as per Wien’s Law.
Question 24: Air is a bad conductor of heat. A parcel of air can therefore be regarded as insulated from the environment
A) False
B) True
Explanation: Air is a bad conductor of heat, so an air parcel can indeed be regarded as insulated from its environment.
Question 25: Warmer the earth…….. will be the Nocturnal radiation
A) Intense
B) Weaker
C) Moderate
Explanation: Warmer surfaces emit more intense nocturnal radiation due to higher thermal energy.
Question 26: Heat is the…….. of the KE of all molecules and atoms of a substance
A) Sum total
B) Average
Explanation: Heat is the sum total of the kinetic energy of all molecules and atoms in a substance.
Question 27: The solar radiation consists of about 46% ...
A) UV
B) IR
C) Visible
Explanation: Around 46% of solar radiation is in the infrared (IR) spectrum.
Question 28: The total energy radiated by a black body is proportional to its temperature (T)
A) T²
B) T³
C) T⁴
Explanation: According to Stefan-Boltzmann Law, the total energy radiated by a black body is proportional to the fourth power of its temperature (T⁴).
Question 29: Intense radiation is emitted by
A) Hot bodies
B) Cold bodies
C) Stars
Explanation: Hot bodies emit more intense radiation than cooler bodies.
Question 30: The wavelength of most intense radiation is inversely proportional to its….....
A) Absolute temperature
B) Humidity
C) Albedo
Explanation: According to Wien’s Law, the wavelength of the most intense radiation is inversely proportional to the absolute temperature.
Question 31: Hot bodies (like the sun) radiate
A) Short Waves
B) Long Waves
C) Both
Explanation: Hot bodies, such as the sun, radiate shortwave radiation due to their high temperatures.
Question 32: The flow of heat from the Earth's surface is 77% by
A) Sensible Heat
B) Latent Heat
Explanation: Around 77% of heat transfer from the Earth's surface occurs through latent heat, primarily due to water evaporation.
Question 33: ­40° C = ­40° F
A) True
B) False
Explanation: -40° C is equal to -40° F. This is the point where the Celsius and Fahrenheit scales intersect.
Question 34: Surface Temperature is recorded at a height of …….. above ground
A) 1.5 m
B) 1.25 m
C) 2 m
Explanation: Surface temperature is typically recorded at a standard height of 2 meters above the ground.
Question 35: The door of Stevenson's screen should open
A) Opposite to the sun
B) Into the sun
C) Any direction
Explanation: The door of Stevenson’s screen should open opposite to the sun to prevent direct sunlight from entering and affecting the temperature readings.
Question 36: The liquid used in Minimum Thermometer is
A) Mercury
B) Alcohol
C) Spirit
Explanation: Alcohol is used in minimum thermometers because it has a lower freezing point compared to mercury.
Question 37: Freezing point of water is
A) 0⁰ F
B) 12⁰ F
C) 22⁰ F
D) 32⁰ F
Explanation: The freezing point of water in Fahrenheit is 32⁰ F.
Question 38: Boiling point of water is
A) 100⁰ F
B) 112⁰ F
C) 212⁰ F
D) 312⁰ F
Explanation: The boiling point of water in Fahrenheit is 212⁰ F.
Question 39: Freezing point of water is
A) 173⁰ K
B) 273⁰ K
C) 373⁰ K
D) 473⁰ K
Explanation: The freezing point of water in Kelvin is 273⁰ K.
Question 40: Boiling point of water is
A) 373⁰ K
B) 273⁰ K
C) 173⁰ K
D) 312⁰ K
Explanation: The boiling point of water in Kelvin is 373⁰ K.
Question 41: Convert 68⁰ F into Kelvin temperature
A) 233⁰ K
B) 283⁰ K
C) 294⁰ K
D) 293⁰ K
Explanation: 68⁰ F is equivalent to 293.15⁰ K after conversion.
Question 42: Diurnal variation of temperature is least on a day when it is
A) Clear
B) Partly cloudy
C) Cloudy
D) Overcast
Explanation: overcast days experience less diurnal variation due to the insulation provided by the cloud cover.
Question 43: A clear and calm night is cooler than a cloudy night, because nocturnal radiation
A) Escape through cloud
B) Are partly radiated back by clouds to earth
C) Are fully absorbed by H₂O
D) Are fully prevented by clouds to escape
Explanation: Clouds act as a blanket, radiating some of the heat back to the Earth, making cloudy nights warmer.

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